Rachel Yeo Rong Qing / 0368901
Video and Sound Production / Bachelor of Design (HONS) in Creative Media
Exercises
CONTENT
LECTURES
1. Lectures
Week 1 - Basic of Cinematography
* Shot Size:
The picture below has shown how different shot sizes will look on screen and how to differentiate the various shot sizes.
⤷ Extreme Long Shot (ELS) / Extreme Wide Shot (EWS):
- make subject appear small against their location and fell distant or unfamiliar.
⤷ Long Shot (LS) / Wide Shot (WS):
- Subject will be in view but not filling the shot.
- Give us a better idea of scene setting and how the character fits into the area.
⤷ Full Shot (FS):
- Subject will fill the frame while keeping an emphasis on the scenery.
⤷ Medium Wide Shot (MWS):
- Frames the subject from roughly the knees up.
⤷ Cowboy Shot:
- Frames the subject roughly mid-thighs up.
⤷ Medium Shot(MS):
- Most common camera shot.
- Similar to Cowboy Shot but frames from roughly waist up and through the torso. More emphasize on subject while keeping their surrounding visible.
⤷ Medium Close Up Shot(MCU):
- Frames subject roughly chest up, favors the face but still keep the subject somewhat distant.
⤷ Close Up Shot(CU):
- Used to reveal a subject's emotion and reaction.
⤷ Extreme Close Up Shot(ECU):
- Emphasize a specific feature of subject such as eyes, mouth, gun triggers, etc.
* Camera Framing:
⤷ Single Shot:
- Only shot one subject.
⤷ Dirty Single Shot / Over Shoulder Single:
- More than one person in the frame but the character in the foreground isn't featured.
⤷ Two Shot:
- Shot two subject in frame.
⤷ Three Shot:
- Features three characters in frame.
⤷ Over Shoulder Shot (OS):
- Shows subject from behind the shoulder of another character, commonly in conversation scenes.
⤷ Over Hip Shot (OH):
- Similar to OS shot but camera placed at character's hip in foreground and focus subject in the plane of acceptable focus.
⤷ Point of View Shot (POV):
- Shows the viewer exactly what the character sees, generally sandwiched between two other shots, called Short-reverse Shots.
- A camera shot of a character looking at something → Cut to POV → A camera shot showing the character reaction.
* Camera Focus:
⤷ Rack Focus:
- First assistant cameraman will Pull Focus to make sure that the subject stays within the acceptable focus range while they move to various depth within the frame.
- Emphasized focus pull, the acceptable focus range is intentionally shifted from one subject to another.
- Aggressive use of focus as a story telling device.
- Focus Pull=Passive, Rack Focus=Aggressive
⤷ Shallow Focus Shot (Shallow DOF):
- Subject is in crisp focus while the foreground and background scenery is out of focus.
- Limit depth of field to create emphasis of subject.
⤷ Deep FocusShot:
- Everything in frame is in focus, use when need audience to feel the scenery or particular scene elements.
⤷ Tilt-Shift Shot:
- Rotates perspective within the lens and emulates selective focus.
- Makes part of image appear in sharp focus while others are out of focus.
⤷ Soft Focus:
- Keeps nothing in 100% sharp focus, caused by wither a flaw in the lens itself or through special filters.
⤷ Split Diopter:
- Additional lens element that allows for two simultaneous focal lengths.
- Shallow focus in the foreground and background while the middle ground remains out of focus.
* Camera Angles:
⤷ Eye Level Shot:
- When subject is at eye-level they’re in a neutral perspective (not superior or inferior). This mimics how we see people in real life.
⤷ Low Angle Shot:
- Frames the subject from a low camera height looking up at them.
- Most often used to emphasize power dynamics between characters.
⤷ High Angle Shots:
- Camera points down at subject, usually creates a feeling of inferiority or looking down on subject.
⤷ Hip Level Shots:
- Camera roughly waist-high.
⤷ Knee Level Shots:
- Camera roughly knee's high. Emphasize a character superiority if paired with low angle.
⤷ Ground Level Shots:
- Camera's height is on ground level with subject.
⤷ Shoulder Level Shots:
- Camera roughly as high as subject shoulders.
- Much more standard than an eye level shot, make actor seem shorter than reality.
⤷ Dutch Angle / Dutch Tilt Shots:
- Camera slanted to one side. Can create a sencse of disorientation withe the horizon lines tilted in this way.
⤷ Bird's Eye View Shots / Overhead Shot:
- From way up high, looking down on subject and a good amount of the scenery surrounding subject.
- Can create great sense of scale and movement.
⤷ Aerial Shots:
- Camera taken from a helicopter or drone, shot way up high.
- Establishes a large expanse of scenery.
Source Links
Shot size:
Reading: https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-camera-shots/#shot-size
Video: https://youtu.be/AyML8xuKfoc?si=_xLVEotEBZG9VQk2
Framing:
Reading: https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-camera-shots/#camera-framing
Video: https://youtu.be/qQNiqzuXjoM?si=uMiCewr3kG-jVfsm
Camera Angle:
Reading: https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-camera-shots/#camera-angles
Video: https://youtu.be/wLfZL9PZI9k?si=vr9Crx7oT86yrEbd
Composition:
Video: https://youtu.be/hUmZldt0DTg?si=2WBYvavmbtN9_fnL
Additional:
Composition:
Class briefing PPT
Week 2 - Understand Storytelling
* Three-Act Structure:
- Popular narrative framework used in storytelling, particularly in film and literature.
- Divides story into three distinct parts.
~Setup
~Confrontation
~Resolution
⤷ Act one (Setup):
- Establish the protagonist, their world and the situation they find themselves in.
- Usually concludes with an event known as the "inciting incident," which initiates the tale and poses a challenge for the protagonist to overcome. Either a good or bad thing can happen as the inciting incident, but it has to happen big enough to shake the protagonist's reality and make them act.
⤷ Act two (Confrontation):
- The most intricate and extended of the three acts. It's the scene where the protagonist must overcome a number of impediments in order of accomplish their objective.
- It can often be divided two halves: the first is when the protagonist advances toward their objective, and the second is where they run into obstacles and difficulties.
- Usually has a pivotal moment in which the protagonist experiences a serious misfortune or disaster that compels them to reconsider their course of action.
⤷ Act three (Resolution):
- The part of the conclusion and climax. To accomplish their objective, the protagonist must face and resolve their last obstacle or struggle.
- The story's most dramatic and intense segment, when he tension is greatest.
- It is also the denouement where the protagonist's journey comes to a satisfying finale and unresolved issues are resolved.
⤷ Hook:
- The opening of a movie. Its main goal is to captivate the audience and make them keep watching the movie.
⤷ Inciting Incident:
- A choice or occurrence that initiate a story's plot is known as an inciting incident.
⤷ The First Pinch Point:
- Around one quarter into the second act is when the first pinch point occurs. This is usually the first, if not the biggest, challenge and usually involves the adversary.
⤷ Midpoint:
- The midway point of the film. It is usually a turning point in the story.
⤷ The Second Pinch Point:
- The tight spot usually results in a setback. The audience is beginning to worry how they can ever escape this situation as the protagonist is in serious danger.
⤷ Third Plot Point:
- The third act is interrupted. The main adversaries of the last act are also reintroduced at this point.
⤷ Climax:
- The moment the entire tale has been building toward is known as the climax.
⤷ Resolution:
- The epilogue provides a chance to stop and reflect on how the adventure has shaped our characters in a lasting way.
Class briefing PPT
2. Class Summary
- Week 1 : Mr. Martin ask us to do the editing exercise and upload it to Youtube channel and put it into our e-portfolio. Besides that, we also been asked to share 3 fav stop-motion video and watch Everything, everywhere, all at once before week 3. And last, we need to purchase a tripod include Bluetooth remote control.
- Week 2 : Mr. Martin ask us to watch through the class materials, answer the quiz and do the editing exercises.
- Week 3 : Mr. Martin ask us to do the spreadsheet for audio dubbing exercise and ask us prepared for the hard sound effect and record the dialogue of the audio dubbing exe4rcise before next class.
- Week 4 : Mr. Martin ask us to do the audio dubbing exercise and teach us how to apply the sound effect in the PR and how to analyze the sound effect that include in the video. Besides that Mr. Martin also listed down what we need to submit at 22th May in Microsoft Teams.
Week 2 : Three-act story structure
Week 3 : Storyboard in Film making
INSTRUCTIONS
Exercise 1 - Editing Exercise
Mr. Martin ask us to do the video editing exercise of Mints and Doritos. In this exercise we can learn how to combine each shot into one video and some basic technique of using PR.
Before we start to do the editing, we first download the footage from the file that Mr. Martin share with us.
After that, we open a new project at PR and set the file saving location at the file that same with our footage.
Next, we import our footage into PR.
Then we arrange the sequence of the video.
After we done all the steps above, we can export our video.
Final Outcome
Below are the final videos of this editing exercise.
Video #1 - Mints
Video #2 - Doritos
Exercise 2 - Shooting Exercise
Based on the lectures given by Mr. Martin, we have been asked to do a shooting exercise, which is to group two people and help each other shoot the required shots.
After done shooting, I start to combine those shots into one video. First, I had import the footage into PR.
Next, I arranged the video one by one and add the captions so that the viewers can understand what shots is it.
After that, I added the video transition so that the footage can switch smoother.
Next, I search the music that suitable to be use and import the music into PR.
Due to the music is too long, I had cut it into the suitable length.
Hence, the video is done and we can proceed to final step which is export the video.
Below are my video of the shooting exercise.
Video #1 - Self-Shooting Exercise
Besides of the Self-Shooting exercise, we also has been asked to edit the footage of our senior shooting. Before we do the editing we need to watch the short film - My name is Lalin because the story of the footage is based on that short film.
After watching the Short film, I starting to do the editing. First of all, I import the footage into PR as usual.
Next, due to the footage is too long, I cut it into the useable length one by one by using tools 'Mark In (I)' and ‘Mark Out (O)’.
After that, I arrange the footage in correct sequence and adjust the length of video into 35 seconds based on the storyboard that given by Mr. Martin.
Next, I added on some video transition so that the video can looks less rigid.
Then, I add on the graphic and the sound effect.
At the end, I export the video after I make sure the video is done editing.
Below are the Final video of my editing exercise.
Video #2 - Lalin
Final Outcome
Video #1 - Self-Shooting Exercise
Video #2 - Lalin
Q&A
After went through the short film -My name is Lalin and the movie - Everything, everywhere, all at once, Mr. Martin ask us to answer some question based on each video.
Video #1 - My name is Lalin
1. Which part is act 1, act 2, act 3 respectively? Describe each act
with ONE paragraph only.
- Act 1 : Lalin try to take off her mask and start introduce
herself. After that, Lalin always photoshop her selfie before she
upload it onto the internet and she wearing mask at home which is
because she faced to the cyber bully when she was in secondary
shcool and she don't like her face. After that Lalin decided to
study in Japan, a place that no one knows her. And she keep wearing
mask all the time and become a popular net idol.
- Act 2 : Lalin met a netizen who names Astronaut. She keep
chatting with he and fall in love but she never let astronaut saw
her face. Astronaut fly to Japan and invite Lalin hang out at the
cafe but Lalin reject. Astronaut was disappointed but he still ask
Lalin to read his book and Lalin found that Astronaut is the boy she
met in Thai and he already know how Lalin looks like.
-
Act 3 : Lalin run to the train station and try to found Astronaut
but she failed and the advertisement pops out.
2. What is the inciting incident in the movie?
- The inciting incident in this video is Lalin met
Astronaut on internet.
3. What is the midpoint scene in the movie?
- Midpoint scene in the video is Astronaut
fly to Japan and ask Lalin to hang out.
4. What is the Climax scene in the movie?
- Lalin run to the train station to found the
Astronaut.
5.What is the theme of the movie?
- The theme of this movie is the beauty is
not the most important thing, what important is the
personality.
Video #2 - Everything, Everywhere, All at once
1. Which part is act 1, act 2, act 3 respectively? Describe each
act with ONE paragraph only.
- Act 1 : Evelyn don't get along well with her
family. Her husband try to get divorce with her, her daughter always
argue with her because she was a lesbian while her father always
criticize her and she need to settle the laundry shop and also the
tax filing so she was very busy and her life is just a mess. When
they go to the IRS, the Alpha Waymond which is came from other
multiverse found her and tell her about the multiverse and also the
crisis she will confront. After that Alpha Waymond has teach Evelyn
how to use verse jumping to get some unique skills from other
multiverse Evelyn.
- Act 2 : Jobu, which is the villain of this movie
but also Evelyn daughter, Joy has found Evelyn and Evelyn try to
fight with Jobu. She has more used to verse jumping while she try to
fight with Jobu. When she verse jumping at other universe, she started to loosen the knot in her heart as she progressively
resolved the issues between her and her family.
- Act 3 : In the end, Evelyn
confronts Jobu and makes peace with her daughter and also her husband.
2. What is the inciting incident in the movie?
- The inciting incident in this movie is when
Evelyn found that her daughter, Joy was also Jobu which is the
villain who create the black hole and seems like try to destroy
the universe.
3. What is the midpoint scene in the movie?
- Midpoint scene in the movie is when Evelyn
and Alpha Waymond has a discussion about how to defeat Jobu at
office with Alpha Gong Gong.
4. What is the Climax scene in the movie?
- Climax scene in this movie is when Evelyn
finally loosen the knot in her heart and she drag her daughter
back to her side from darkness.
5.What is the theme of the movie?
- The theme of this movie is how kind and
love can solved the family conflict and makes they more close to
each other.
1. Which part is act 1, act 2, act 3 respectively? Describe each act with ONE paragraph only.
- Act 1 : Lalin try to take off her mask and start introduce herself. After that, Lalin always photoshop her selfie before she upload it onto the internet and she wearing mask at home which is because she faced to the cyber bully when she was in secondary shcool and she don't like her face. After that Lalin decided to study in Japan, a place that no one knows her. And she keep wearing mask all the time and become a popular net idol.
- Act 2 : Lalin met a netizen who names Astronaut. She keep chatting with he and fall in love but she never let astronaut saw her face. Astronaut fly to Japan and invite Lalin hang out at the cafe but Lalin reject. Astronaut was disappointed but he still ask Lalin to read his book and Lalin found that Astronaut is the boy she met in Thai and he already know how Lalin looks like.
- Act 3 : Lalin run to the train station and try to found Astronaut but she failed and the advertisement pops out.
2. What is the inciting incident in the movie?
- The inciting incident in this video is Lalin met
Astronaut on internet.
3. What is the midpoint scene in the movie?
- Midpoint scene in the video is Astronaut
fly to Japan and ask Lalin to hang out.
4. What is the Climax scene in the movie?
- Lalin run to the train station to found the
Astronaut.
5.What is the theme of the movie?
- The theme of this movie is the beauty is
not the most important thing, what important is the
personality.
Video #2 - Everything, Everywhere, All at once
1. Which part is act 1, act 2, act 3 respectively? Describe each act with ONE paragraph only.
- Act 1 : Evelyn don't get along well with her family. Her husband try to get divorce with her, her daughter always argue with her because she was a lesbian while her father always criticize her and she need to settle the laundry shop and also the tax filing so she was very busy and her life is just a mess. When they go to the IRS, the Alpha Waymond which is came from other multiverse found her and tell her about the multiverse and also the crisis she will confront. After that Alpha Waymond has teach Evelyn how to use verse jumping to get some unique skills from other multiverse Evelyn.
- Act 2 : Jobu, which is the villain of this movie but also Evelyn daughter, Joy has found Evelyn and Evelyn try to fight with Jobu. She has more used to verse jumping while she try to fight with Jobu. When she verse jumping at other universe, she started to loosen the knot in her heart as she progressively resolved the issues between her and her family.
- Act 3 : In the end, Evelyn confronts Jobu and makes peace with her daughter and also her husband.
2. What is the inciting incident in the movie?
- The inciting incident in this movie is when
Evelyn found that her daughter, Joy was also Jobu which is the
villain who create the black hole and seems like try to destroy
the universe.
3. What is the midpoint scene in the movie?
- Midpoint scene in the movie is when Evelyn
and Alpha Waymond has a discussion about how to defeat Jobu at
office with Alpha Gong Gong.
4. What is the Climax scene in the movie?
- Climax scene in this movie is when Evelyn
finally loosen the knot in her heart and she drag her daughter
back to her side from darkness.
5.What is the theme of the movie?
- The theme of this movie is how kind and love can solved the family conflict and makes they more close to each other.
FEEDBACK
Due to the exercises, Project 1 & 2 and Final project has been proceed simultaneously, therefore the feedback session is all the same in all blogger post.
Week 1 :
General Feedback : Mr. Martin asked us to update our blogger.
Week 2 :
General Feedback : Don't forget to read the asynchronous class materials before class.
Week 3 :
General Feedback : The answer for the question no need to be very long, can be just one paragraph or 1 sentences is enough.
Week 4 :
General Feedback : Make sure the blogger is completed, the deadline of the submission of the e-portfolio, Project 1 progress, Project 2 proposal are 23:59pm 22th May.
Specific feedback : The reflection of the class materials can be write in the notes. For me the reflection right now are more than enough so I can stick to this way.
REFLECTION
*Experience
Mr. Martin has ask us to do a lot of editing exercise by giving us the footage and ask us to combine it into one complete film, not only the footage but also the caption, storyboard and the graphic element. Besides that, Mr. Martin gave us an opportunity to apply the learning by class activity which is ask us to do shooting exercise. Getting hands-on experience is the best approach to reinforce our knowledge and abilities in shooting videos.
*Observation
The PR is not difficult as I thought before, I can complete the task given by Mr. Martin by following the instruction although I need to spend some time to used to it. Shot angle and shot technique can makes the footage have much of different. Every shot angle has convey different message to viewer, we should apply shot angle on footage carefully so that we can produce a good film.
Analyze act of the story is not that simple but it is fun when I found the answer successfully. Through that exercise, I think I have realize that the act's setting has serves as a means of improving overall story rhythm. Not only the analyzing of the act of the story is fun but also the editing progress.
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